Plesk

Plesk (developed by Plesk International, part of WebPros) is alongside cPanel the most widely used hosting control panel in Europe. It runs on Linux and Windows, integrates Apache+nginx (or nginx only), PHP-FPM in multiple versions, MariaDB/MySQL, the Postfix/Dovecot mail stack and provides modules for the WordPress toolkit, Git deploy, Docker, backup manager and Let's Encrypt. Licensing ranges from the Web Host Edition (~€50/month unlimited domains) to the Web Admin Edition (~€12/month, 10 domains). Many VPS hosts (netcup, Hetzner, IONOS) offer discounted Plesk licences as a bundle. Main competition: cPanel (US-dominant), HestiaCP (open source), CyberPanel (LiteSpeed-centric).